Alyssa Liu’s smiley piercing is an upper lip frenulum piercing that sits in the thin tissue connecting the upper lip to the gum line. It is characterized by its visibility only when the wearer smiles, making it a subtle but bold fashion statement. For Liu, it represents a departure from traditional figure skating aesthetics.
The Cultural Impact of Alyssa Liu’s Smiley Piercing
Alyssa Liu has long been a trailblazer in the world of figure skating. As the youngest skater to win a U.S. national title at age 13 and a 2022 Olympic competitor, Liu’s career has been defined by breaking records. However, her influence extends beyond the ice. When Liu debuted her smiley piercing (also known as a frenulum piercing), it signaled a shift in the way Gen Z athletes navigate the traditionally conservative aesthetic of professional figure skating.
In sports like figure skating, judges often look for a "polished" and "classical" look. Visible tattoos and piercings were once discouraged or outright penalized through lower presentation scores. By embracing a smiley piercing—a piece of jewelry that is hidden until she displays a joyful expression—Liu managed to balance her personal identity with the requirements of her sport. As of 2026, Liu’s influence continues to encourage younger athletes to embrace body modification as a form of self-expression rather than a distraction from their athletic prowess.
The choice of a smiley piercing is particularly symbolic. It is an "accessory of joy," appearing only during moments of happiness or celebration. For an athlete whose career involves intense pressure and public scrutiny, the piercing serves as a reminder of the personality behind the performer.
What Exactly is a Smiley Piercing?
To understand why Alyssa Liu’s choice was so specific, one must understand the anatomy of the mouth. The frenulum is a small, thin piece of connective tissue. You have several in your mouth, but the one involved in a smiley piercing is the superior labial frenulum. This is the "string" of skin that connects your upper lip to your gums, located right in the center above your two front teeth.
The piercing is performed horizontally through this thin membrane. Because the tissue is so thin, the piercing itself is relatively quick, though it requires a high degree of precision. If the piercing is placed too high, it can cause extreme discomfort; if it is placed too low, the tissue may not be strong enough to hold the jewelry, leading to rejection or tearing.
Jewelry Types for the Smiley
The aesthetic of the smiley piercing depends heavily on the jewelry selected. In Alyssa Liu’s case, she has often been seen with a circular barbell or a captive bead ring.
- Circular Barbells (Horseshoes): These are shaped like a U with two beads on the ends. They allow the beads to peek out from under the lip, creating the "smiley" effect.
- Captive Bead Rings (CBR): These are full circles with a single bead. They offer a more continuous look and are less likely to snag on the teeth.
- Seamless Rings: These are simple metal hoops that provide a minimalist appearance.
The gauge (thickness) of the jewelry for a smiley is typically very small, usually 16g or 18g, to avoid putting too much weight on the delicate frenulum tissue.
The Technical Procedure: What to Expect
If you are inspired by Alyssa Liu’s look and are considering a smiley piercing in 2026, the procedure must be handled by a professional piercer who understands oral anatomy. The frenulum is a vascular area, but it is also very small, leaving little room for error.
Step 1: Anatomy Consultation
Not everyone is a candidate for a smiley piercing. If your superior labial frenulum is too small, too thin, or non-existent, a piercer will advise against it. Piercing a frenulum that cannot support the jewelry will lead to the metal migrating out of the skin or "cheese-wiring" (slowly cutting through the tissue).
Step 2: Sterilization and Preparation
The piercer will have you use an antibacterial, alcohol-free mouthwash to reduce the microbial load in your mouth. They will then dry the area and mark the entry and exit points.
Step 3: The Piercing
A sterilized, single-use hollow needle is used. Unlike many other piercings, a clamp is often not used for a smiley because the area is too tight; instead, the piercer may use a receiving tube or simply perform it freehand. The sensation is often described as a sharp "pinch," but because the tissue is so thin, the pain is fleeting.
Step 4: Jewelry Insertion
Once the needle is through, the jewelry is guided into the track. The piercer then secures the beads or the closure. Total "chair time" for the actual piercing is usually less than five minutes.
Comparing Oral Piercings: Smiley vs. Others
The smiley is often compared to other "hidden" or "reveal" piercings. Understanding these differences helps in deciding if the smiley is the right choice for your lifestyle and dental health.
| Feature | Smiley (Frenulum) | Frowny (Lower Frenulum) | Medusa (Philtrum) | Vertical Labret |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Location | Upper lip frenulum | Lower lip frenulum | Center of upper lip | Through the bottom lip |
| Visibility | Only when smiling | Only when pulling lip down | Always visible | Always visible |
| Pain Level | Low (3/10) | Low (3/10) | Moderate (6/10) | Moderate (5/10) |
| Healing Time | 4–12 Weeks | 4–12 Weeks | 3–6 Months | 2–4 Months |
| Dental Risk | High (Enamel/Gums) | High (Gums) | Low/Moderate | Very Low |
Health Risks and Dental Considerations
While Alyssa Liu’s smiley piercing looks iconic, it is not without significant long-term risks. Most dental professionals express concern regarding this specific piercing because of its proximity to the teeth and gingival (gum) tissue.
Enamel Erosion
The jewelry in a smiley piercing rests directly against the facial surface of the maxillary central incisors (the two front teeth). Every time you speak, eat, or move your mouth, the metal rubs against the tooth enamel. Over time, this constant friction can wear down the enamel, leading to sensitivity, discoloration, and an increased risk of cavities.
Gingival Recession
Perhaps the most serious risk is gum recession. The beads or the ring of the piercing can press into the gum tissue above the front teeth. Constant pressure can cause the gums to retreat, exposing the root of the tooth. Unlike skin, gum tissue does not grow back once it has receded. If left unchecked, this can lead to tooth instability or the need for expensive gum graft surgery.
Migration and Rejection
The frenulum is a tiny piece of skin that is constantly in motion. This movement can cause the body to view the jewelry as a foreign object that needs to be pushed out. If you notice the piercing moving lower toward the edge of the frenulum, it is "migrating." If the skin becomes red, thin, or translucent, the piercing is likely rejecting and should be removed by a professional to prevent permanent scarring.
Aftercare Protocol for a Smiley Piercing
The mouth is a hotbed for bacteria, but it also heals faster than almost any other part of the body due to high blood flow. Proper aftercare is essential to ensure that your piercing heals as cleanly as Alyssa Liu’s.
Internal Rinsing
You should rinse your mouth with a saline solution or an alcohol-free antimicrobial mouthwash 3–5 times a day. It is especially important to rinse after every meal or snack to ensure that food particles do not get trapped in the piercing site.
- Pro Tip: Avoid mouthwashes containing alcohol, as they can dry out the wound and irritate the healing tissue, slowing down the process.
External Cleaning
While the piercing is mostly internal, the area where the jewelry rests against the lip can sometimes accumulate "crusties" (dried lymph fluid). Use a cotton swab soaked in saline to gently wipe the jewelry. Do not use your fingernails or pick at the site.
Lifestyle Adjustments during Healing
- Dietary Choices: For the first two weeks, avoid spicy, overly salty, or highly acidic foods (like citrus or vinegar). These can cause an intense burning sensation at the piercing site.
- Avoid "Playing": It is tempting to flip the jewelry with your tongue or pull your lip up to show off the piercing. Constant movement irritates the wound and increases the risk of rejection.
- Oral Habits: Avoid smoking and oral contact (kissing) for at least 4–6 weeks to prevent introducing foreign bacteria into the open wound.
How Alyssa Liu Maintained Her Piercing During Competition
Maintaining a piercing as an elite athlete requires extra care. For Alyssa Liu, competing in high-impact sports meant ensuring the jewelry was secure.
In figure skating, falls are common. A blow to the face or a hard impact could cause the jewelry to tear through the thin frenulum. To mitigate this, many athletes choose bioplastic or PTFE jewelry during active training. These materials are flexible and softer than titanium or steel, reducing the impact on the teeth and the risk of a traumatic tear during a fall.
Furthermore, Liu had to manage the "distraction factor." While she embraced the look, she likely worked with her coaches to ensure that the jewelry was sized appropriately—large enough to be seen when she smiled for the judges, but small enough that it didn't interfere with her breathing or facial expressions during complex triple-axels or quad jumps.
Frequently Asked Questions
Does the smiley piercing hurt?
The smiley piercing is generally considered one of the least painful body piercings. Because the frenulum is a very thin membrane, the needle passes through quickly. Most people rate the pain at a 2 or 3 out of 10. The main sensation is a quick pinch followed by a feeling of pressure. However, the area may feel tender for several days afterward when eating or talking.
How long does a smiley piercing last?
The smiley is often considered a "temporary" piercing. Due to the high rate of migration and the potential for dental damage, many people only keep the piercing for one to three years. Some lucky individuals with thicker anatomy can keep it longer, but it is vital to have a dentist check your gums and enamel at every six-month cleaning to ensure no permanent damage is occurring.
Can I hide a smiley piercing for work?
Yes, the smiley is one of the easiest piercings to hide. If you use a small circular barbell, you can sometimes "flip" it up so it sits higher in the vestibule of the lip, making it invisible even when you talk. However, simply not smiling broadly is usually enough to keep it hidden from view.
What should I do if my gums start to hurt?
If you feel soreness in your gums or notice a "dent" where the jewelry rests, you should see your piercer immediately. You may need to switch to a different jewelry shape (like a flat-back labret style specifically designed for frenulums, though these are rare) or a smaller diameter ring. If the irritation persists, the only way to prevent permanent gum recession is to remove the piercing.
Can I change the jewelry myself?
You should wait at least 8–12 weeks before attempting to change the jewelry yourself. The first change should ideally be done by a professional piercer. The frenulum is a difficult area to see and reach on your own, and if the jewelry is out for even a few minutes during the early stages of healing, the hole can shrink or close entirely.
Final Recommendations for Enthusiasts
If you are looking to replicate the Alyssa Liu smiley piercing look in 2026, prioritization should be placed on material quality and professional placement. Always opt for implant-grade titanium (ASTM F-136) to minimize the risk of allergic reactions and irritation.
Before getting the piercing, consult with both a reputable piercer and your dentist. The "smiley" is a beautiful, fleeting accessory, but it requires a commitment to oral hygiene that exceeds standard piercings. Monitor your teeth and gums weekly for any signs of wear. If you notice any recession or thinning of the enamel, follow the example of many long-time enthusiasts: enjoy the piercing while it lasts, but be prepared to retire it to protect your long-term dental health.
